I realize I haven’t posted in a while.  Inshallah I want to finish the muqaddimah by the end of this week.  If you notice any errors, please do not hesitate to inform me.

المقدمة

In the name of Allah the Compassionate, the Merciful

All praise is for Allah, the Sustainer of the Worlds, and the best of end results is for the God-fearing. And may His salutations be upon His messenger Muhammad, and upon his family, his companions, all of them.

To commence:
This is a solid abridgment in ﻧﹷﺤﹿﻮ, in which I gathered the essentials of ﻧﹷﺤﹿﻮ upon the structure of ﺍﹶﻟﹿﻜﺎﻓﹻﻴﳲﺔ, chaptered and headed, with a clear text, bringing examples from all of its rules, without pursuing proofs and causes, as to not confuse the mind of the beginner from understanding its rules. And I named it ﻫﹻﺪﹶﺍﻳﹷﺔﹸ ﺍﹶﻟﻨﳲﺤﻮ, hoping that Allah will guide the students with it.

I structured it upon an introduction (المقدمة), three chapters (ﺍﹶﻗﹿﺴﹷﺎﻡ), and a conclusion (ﺧﹷﺎﺗﹻﻤﹷﺔ), with the tawfeeq of the Great Knowledgeable King.

As for the Introduction: It is about the fundamentals which is necessary to come first because of the dependence of the rules upon it, and within it (the introduction), there are three headings.

Heading: ﻧﹷﺤﹿﻮ is the science of the principles by which the states of the ends of the three parts of speech are known, with respect to ﺇﹺﻋﹿﺮﺍﺏ (being ﻣﹹﻌﺮﹶﺏ) and ﻣﹷﺒﹿﻨﻲ) and the manner of joining some of them (i.e. parts of speech) with others. And its purpose is the protection of the mind from verbal error in the speech of the Arabs. And its subjects are the كلمة (word) and the ﻛﹷﻼﹶﻡ (sentence).

Heading: كلمة is the utterance coined for a single meaning, and it is restricted to three types: اِسم and فعل, and حرف, because it either:
i. does not indicate upon a meaning within itself, and that is the حرف,
ii. or it indicates upon a meaning within itself, attached to one of the three tenses, and it is the فعل
iii. or it indicates upon a meaning within itself, not attached to one of the three tenses, and it is the اِسم

And the definition of اِسم is:
A كلمة that indicates upon a meaning within itself, unattached to one of the three tenses, i.e. ماضی, and ﺣﹷﺎﻝ, and ﺍﹺﺳﹿﺘﹻﻘﹿﺒﹷﺎﻝ, like رجلﹲ و علمﹲ
Its signs are:
- validity of conveying information about it (ﺇﹺﺧﹿﺒﹷﺎﺭ ﻋﹷﻨﹿﻪﹸ), such as : زيدٌ قائمٌ
- ﺍﹺﺿﹷﺎﻓﹷﺔ, such as: غلامُ زيدٍ
- The entrance of the definite article (ﻻﹶﻡ ﺍﹶﻟﹿﺘﹷﻌﹿﺮﹺﻳﹿﻒ), such as: الرجل
- genitive case (ﺟﹷﺮ) and nunation (ﺗﹷﻨﹿﻮﹺﻳﹿﻦ), such as: بزيدٍ
- duality (ﺗﹷﺜﹿﻨﹻﻴﳲﺔ)
- plurality (ﺟﹷﻤﹷﻊ)
- being in an adjective relationship (ﻧﹷﻌﹷﺖ)
- diminutive (ﺗﹷﺼﹿﻐﹻﻴﺮ)
- vocativite (ﺍﹶﻟﻨﹻﺪﺃ)
for indeed, all of these (signs) are specific to the اِسم.

The meaning of ﺇﹺﺧﹿﺒﹷﺎﺭ ﻋﹷﻨﹿﻪﹸ is for it to be judged upon for its being a ﻓﹷﺎﻋﹻﻞ or ﻣﹷﻔﹿﻌﹹﻮﻝ ﺑﹻﻪﹺ or a ﻣﹹﺒﹿﺘﹷﺪﺃ. It is called اِسم because of its elevation (sumuww) upon its two counterparts (فعل and حرف), not because of its being in a state of assigning meaning (wisman). [there is a difference of opinion between the grammarians of Basra and Kufa with regard to this, but it is unimportant for beginners like us]

And the definition of فعل is:
A كلمة that indicates upon a meaning within itself attached to the tense of that meaning, like ضرب يضرب اضرب
Its signs are:
- validity of conveying information with it, but not about it (ﺇﹺﺧﹿﺒﹷﺎﺭ ﺑﹻﻪ)
- entrance of قد, the letter س, and سَوفَ
- jussive case (جزم)
- to be conjugated into perfect (ماضی) and imperfect (المُضارع)
- being imperative (امر) or prohibitive (نهي)
- attachment to explicit nominative (ﻣﹷﺮﹾﻓﹹﻮﻉ) pronouns (ﺿﹷﻤﹷﺎ ﺋﹻﺮ), such as ضربتُ
- the ﺳﹷﺎﻛﹻﻦﹾ ﺓ of femininity ( ﺗﹷﺎ ﺍﹶﻟﺘﳲﺎﻧﹻﻴﹿﺚ ﺍﹶﻟﺴﳲﺎﻛﹻﻦ), such as ضربتْ
- the two ﻥ of emphasis (ﺗﹷﺎﻛﹻﻴﹿﺪ) i.e. ﺧﹷﻔﹻﻴﹿﻔﹷﺔ and ﺛﹷﻘﹻﻴﹿﻠﹷﺔ
for indeed, all of these (signs) are specific to the فعل. And the meaning of ﺇﹺﺧﹿﺒﹷﺎﺭ ﺑﹻﻪ is for it to be judged with. It is called فعل, because of the name of its actuality, and its is ﻣﹷﺼﹿﺪﹶﺭ, and indeed, the ﻣﹷﺼﹿﺪﹶﺭ is the فعل of the ﻓﹷﺎﻋﹻﻞ.

And the definition of حرف is:
A كلمة that does not indicate upon a meaning within itself; rather, it indicates upon a meaning in other that itself. [For example: من. And indeed, the meaning of من is initiation (ﺇﹺﺑﹿﺘﹷﺪﺃ) , such as Basra and Kufa, in the sentence: سرتُ من البصرة الى الكوفة ]
Its signs are:
- invalidity of conveying information about it or with it
- nonacceptance of the signs of the ﺍﹶﺳﹿﻤﺎﺀ or the ﺃﹶﻓﹿﻌﹷﺎﻝ

And the حرف, in the speech of Arabs, has many benefits, such as:
- joining between two isms, such as: زيد في الدار
- or between two فعل, such اريد ان تضرب
- or between an اِسم and a فعل, like ضربت ب الخشبة
- or between two sentences, such as: ان جاءني زيد اكرمته
- and benefits other than those, which you will come to know in the third chapter (ﻗﹻﺴﹷﻢ), Insha Allah.

It is called حرف because of its occurring peripherally within a sentence, and it is not a purpose (ﻣﹷﻘﹿﺼﹹﻮﺩ) in essence, unlike the predicate (ﻣﹹﺴﻨﹷﺪ) and the subject (ﻣﹹﺴﻨﹷﺪ ﺍﹺﻟﹷﻴﹿﻪ).